E-Cigarettes in Young People: Who is the Man Behind the Scenes?
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Published
Oct 28, 2024
Abstract
The prevalence of e-cigarette use among young people has become a growing concern, prompting the question of who is responsible for the promotion and marketing of these products to the vulnerable demographic: children and adolescents. The man behind the scenes in this scenario often is complicated. As we continue to navigate through the complexities surrounding e-cigarettes and youth consumption, it is essential that policymakers, public health officials, and parents work together to address this issue and prevent further harm to our future generations.
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Keywords
E-cigarettes, Young Population, Marketing Promotion, Policy Maker, Future Generations
Supporting Agencies
No funding source declared.
References
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Barrington-Trimis, J. L., Urman, R., Leventhal, A. M., Gauderman, W. J., Cruz, T. B., Gilreath, T. D., Howland, S., Unger, J. B., Berhane, K., Samet, J. M., & McConnell, R. (2016). E-cigarettes, Cigarettes, and the Prevalence of Adolescent Tobacco Use. Pediatrics, 138(2), e20153983. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-3983
Becker, T. D., & Rice, T. R. (2021). Youth vaping: a review and update on global epidemiology, physical and behavioral health risks, and clinical considerations. European Journal of Pediatrics, 181(2), 453-462. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-021-04220-x
Chacon, L., Mitchell, G., & Golder, S. (2024). The commercial promotion of electronic cigarettes on social media and its influence on positive perceptions of vaping and vaping behaviours in Anglophone countries: A scoping review. PLOS Global Public Health, 4(1), e0002736. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002736
Cheng, H. G., Lizhnyak, P. N., & Richter, N. (2023). Mutual pathways between peer and own e-cigarette use among youth in the United States: A cross-lagged model. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 1609. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16470-5
Costantino, S., Torre, A., Randazzese, S. F., Mollica, S. A., Motta, F., Busceti, D., Ferrante, F., Caminiti, L., Crisafulli, G., & Manti, S. (2024). Association between Second-Hand Exposure to E-Cigarettes at Home and Exacerbations in Children with Asthma. Children, 11(3), 356. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/children11030356
Ferrara, P., Franceschini, G., Corsello, G., Namazova-Baranova, L., Pop, T. L., Mestrovic, J., Giardino, I., Sacco, M., Vural, M., Nigri, L., Nagy, A., Szabo, L., & Pettoello-Mantovani, M. (2020). The Health Risks of Electronic Cigarettes Use in Adolescents. The Journal of Pediatrics, 219, 286-287.e3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.01.009
Foxon, F., Selya, A., Gitchell, J., & Shiffman, S. (2024). Increased e-cigarette use prevalence is associated with decreased smoking prevalence among US adults. Harm Reduction Journal, 21(1), 136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-024-01056-0
Gaiha, S. M., & Halpern-Felsher, B. (2020). Public Health Considerations for Adolescent Initiation of Electronic Cigarettes. PEDIATRICS, 145(Supplement_2), S175-S180. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2019-2056e
Giovenco, D. P., Hammond, D., Corey, C. G., Ambrose, B. K., & Delnevo, C. D. (2014). E-Cigarette Market Trends in Traditional U.S. Retail Channels, 2012-2013. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 17(10), 1279-1283. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntu282
Glantz, S. A., Nguyen, N., & Da Silva, A. L. O. (2024). Population-Based Disease Odds for E-Cigarettes and Dual Use versus Cigarettes. NEJM Evidence, 3(3), EVIDoa2300229. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/evidoa2300229
Gu, J., Abroms, L. C., Broniatowski, D. A., & Evans, W. D. (2022). An Investigation of Influential Users in the Promotion and Marketing of Heated Tobacco Products on Instagram: A Social Network Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), 1686. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031686
Hammond, D., Reid, J. L., Rynard, V. L., Fong, G. T., Cummings, K. M., McNeill, A., Hitchman, S., Thrasher, J. F., Goniewicz, M. L., Bansal-Travers, M., O’Connor, R., Levy, D., Borland, R., & White, C. M. (2019). Prevalence of vaping and smoking among adolescents in Canada, England, and the United States: repeat national cross sectional surveys. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 365, l2219. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l2219
Hammond, D., Rynard, V. L., & Reid, J. L. (2020). Changes in Prevalence of Vaping Among Youths in the United States, Canada, and England from 2017 to 2019. JAMA Pediatrics, 174(8), 797. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0901
Huang, J., Duan, Z., Kwok, J., Binns, S., Vera, L. E., Kim, Y., Szczypka, G., & Emery, S. L. (2018). Vaping versus JUULing: how the extraordinary growth and marketing of JUUL transformed the US retail e-cigarette market. Tobacco Control, 28(2), 146-151. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054382
Huang, J., Tauras, J., & Chaloupka, F. J. (2014). The impact of price and tobacco control policies on the demand for electronic nicotine delivery systems. Tobacco Control, 23(suppl 3), iii41-iii47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2013-051515
Hughes, K., Bellis, M. A., Hardcastle, K. A., McHale, P., Bennett, A., Ireland, R., & Pike, K. (2015). Associations between e-cigarette access and smoking and drinking behaviours in teenagers. BMC Public Health, 15(1), 244. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1618-4
Hunter, S. R., & Martin, C. A. (2019). Teen vaping boom: Electronic cigarette use, associated outcomes, and efforts in prevention. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 58(10), S71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2019.07.435
Jackson, S. E., Tattan-Birch, H., East, K., Cox, S., Shahab, L., & Brown, J. (2024). Trends in Harm Perceptions of E-Cigarettes vs Cigarettes Among Adults Who Smoke in England, 2014-2023. JAMA Network Open, 7(2), e240582. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.0582
Kasza, K. A., Rivard, C., Goniewicz, M. L., Fong, G. T., Hammond, D., Cummings, K. M., & Hyland, A. (2024). E-Cigarette Characteristics and Cigarette Cessation Among Adults Who Use E-Cigarettes. JAMA Network Open, 7(8), e2423960. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.23960
Kennedy, R. D., Awopegba, A., De León, E., & Cohen, J. E. (2016). Global approaches to regulating electronic cigarettes. Tobacco Control, 26(4), 440-445. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053179
Kim, D. H., & Hong, J. M. (2024). Unveiling the Impact of Smokers’ Self-Construals on the Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation Campaigns: A Comparative Analysis of E-Cigarettes and Combustible Cigarettes. International Journal of Public Health, 69, 1606915. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2024.1606915
Kim, Y., Emery, S. L., Vera, L., David, B., & Huang, J. (2020). At the speed of Juul: measuring the Twitter conversation related to ENDS and Juul across space and time (2017-2018). Tobacco Control, 30(2), 137-146. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055427
Kong, G., Morean, M. E., Cavallo, D. A., Camenga, D. R., & Krishnan-Sarin, S. (2014). Reasons for Electronic Cigarette Experimentation and Discontinuation Among Adolescents and Young Adults. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 17(7), 847-854. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntu257
Le, T. T. H., Le, T. H., Le, M. D., & Nguyen, T. T. (2023). Exposure to E-Cigarette Advertising and Its Association with E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Adolescents in Two Largest Cities in Vietnam 2020. Tobacco Use Insights, 16, 1179173X2311796. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1179173x231179676
Leslie, F. M. (2020). Unique, long-term effects of nicotine on adolescent brain. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 197, 173010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2020.173010
Lim, Y., & Lee, J. Y. (2023). A Comparative Analysis of E-Cigarette and Cigarette Posts on Instagram. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 3116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043116
Maddu, N. (2019). What is e-Cigarette and Associated Health Risks. In IntechOpen eBooks. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.84747
Mattingly, D. T., & Hart, J. L. (2024). Trends in Current Electronic Cigarette Use Among Youths by Age, Sex, and Race and Ethnicity. JAMA Network Open, 7(2), e2354872. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.54872
Murthy, V. H. (2016). E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults. JAMA Pediatrics, 171(3), 209. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.4662
Oliver, B. E., Jones, S. E., Hops, E. D., Ashley, C. L., Miech, R., & Mpofu, J. J. (2023). Electronic Vapor Product Use Among High School Students — Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2021. MMWR Supplements, 72(1), 93-99. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.su7201a11
Padon, A. A., Maloney, E. K., & Cappella, J. N. (2016). Youth-Targeted E-cigarette Marketing in the US. Tobacco Regulatory Science, 3(1), 95-101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.3.1.9
Pokhrel, P., Kawamoto, C. T., Lipperman-Kreda, S., Amin, S., Charles, P., Danko, A., Valente, T., & Sussman, S. (2024). Young adult peer crowds, e-cigarette advertising exposure, and e-cigarette use: Test of a mediation model. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 256, 111064. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.111064
Rayes, B. T., Alalwan, A., AbuDujain, N. M., Darraj, A., Alammar, M. A., & Jradi, H. (2023). Prevalence, Trends, and Harm Perception Associated with E-Cigarettes and Vaping among Adolescents in Saudi Arabia. Archives of Clinical and Biomedical Research, 7(2), 147-156. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26502/acbr.50170327
Singh, S., Windle, S. B., Filion, K. B., Thombs, B. D., O’Loughlin, J. L., Grad, R., & Eisenberg, M. J. (2020). E-cigarettes and youth: Patterns of use, potential harms, and recommendations. Preventive Medicine, 133, 106009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106009
Smith, M. J., MacKintosh, A. M., Ford, A., & Hilton, S. (2023). Youth’s engagement and perceptions of disposable e-cigarettes: a UK focus group study. BMJ Open, 13(3), e068466. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068466
Sreeramareddy, C. T., Acharya, K., & Manoharan, A. (2022). Electronic cigarettes use and ‘dual use’ among the youth in 75 countries: estimates from Global Youth Tobacco Surveys (2014-2019). Scientific Reports, 12(1), 20967. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-25594-4
Szoko, N., Ragavan, M. I., Khetarpal, S. K., Chu, K., & Culyba, A. J. (2021). Protective Factors Against Vaping and Other Tobacco Use. Pediatrics, 148(2), e2020048066. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-048066
The Harmful Consequences of Vaping: A Public Health Threat. (2020). Journal of Addictions Nursing, 31(2), E3-E4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/jan.0000000000000342
Wagoner, K. G., Reboussin, D. M., King, J. L., Orlan, E., Ross, J. C., & Sutfin, E. L. (2019). Who Is Exposed to E-Cigarette Advertising and Where? Differences between Adolescents, Young Adults and Older Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(14), 2533. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16142533
Wang, T. W., Gentzke, A. S., Creamer, M. R., Cullen, K. A., Holder-Hayes, E., Sawdey, M. D., Anic, G. M., Portnoy, D. B., Hu, S., Homa, D. M., Jamal, A., & Neff, L. J. (2019). Tobacco Product Use and Associated Factors Among Middle and High School Students — United States, 2019. MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 68(12), 1-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss6812a1
Xu, K., Lee, T., Reyes-Guzman, C. M., Lynn, B. C. D., Kofie, J. N., Rostron, B. L., Chang, C. M., & Chang, J. T. (2024). Use patterns of flavored non-cigarette tobacco products among US adults, 2010-2019. Preventive Medicine, 180, 107870. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107870
Barrington-Trimis, J. L., Urman, R., Leventhal, A. M., Gauderman, W. J., Cruz, T. B., Gilreath, T. D., Howland, S., Unger, J. B., Berhane, K., Samet, J. M., & McConnell, R. (2016). E-cigarettes, Cigarettes, and the Prevalence of Adolescent Tobacco Use. Pediatrics, 138(2), e20153983. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-3983
Becker, T. D., & Rice, T. R. (2021). Youth vaping: a review and update on global epidemiology, physical and behavioral health risks, and clinical considerations. European Journal of Pediatrics, 181(2), 453-462. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-021-04220-x
Chacon, L., Mitchell, G., & Golder, S. (2024). The commercial promotion of electronic cigarettes on social media and its influence on positive perceptions of vaping and vaping behaviours in Anglophone countries: A scoping review. PLOS Global Public Health, 4(1), e0002736. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002736
Cheng, H. G., Lizhnyak, P. N., & Richter, N. (2023). Mutual pathways between peer and own e-cigarette use among youth in the United States: A cross-lagged model. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 1609. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16470-5
Costantino, S., Torre, A., Randazzese, S. F., Mollica, S. A., Motta, F., Busceti, D., Ferrante, F., Caminiti, L., Crisafulli, G., & Manti, S. (2024). Association between Second-Hand Exposure to E-Cigarettes at Home and Exacerbations in Children with Asthma. Children, 11(3), 356. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/children11030356
Ferrara, P., Franceschini, G., Corsello, G., Namazova-Baranova, L., Pop, T. L., Mestrovic, J., Giardino, I., Sacco, M., Vural, M., Nigri, L., Nagy, A., Szabo, L., & Pettoello-Mantovani, M. (2020). The Health Risks of Electronic Cigarettes Use in Adolescents. The Journal of Pediatrics, 219, 286-287.e3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.01.009
Foxon, F., Selya, A., Gitchell, J., & Shiffman, S. (2024). Increased e-cigarette use prevalence is associated with decreased smoking prevalence among US adults. Harm Reduction Journal, 21(1), 136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-024-01056-0
Gaiha, S. M., & Halpern-Felsher, B. (2020). Public Health Considerations for Adolescent Initiation of Electronic Cigarettes. PEDIATRICS, 145(Supplement_2), S175-S180. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2019-2056e
Giovenco, D. P., Hammond, D., Corey, C. G., Ambrose, B. K., & Delnevo, C. D. (2014). E-Cigarette Market Trends in Traditional U.S. Retail Channels, 2012-2013. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 17(10), 1279-1283. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntu282
Glantz, S. A., Nguyen, N., & Da Silva, A. L. O. (2024). Population-Based Disease Odds for E-Cigarettes and Dual Use versus Cigarettes. NEJM Evidence, 3(3), EVIDoa2300229. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/evidoa2300229
Gu, J., Abroms, L. C., Broniatowski, D. A., & Evans, W. D. (2022). An Investigation of Influential Users in the Promotion and Marketing of Heated Tobacco Products on Instagram: A Social Network Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), 1686. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031686
Hammond, D., Reid, J. L., Rynard, V. L., Fong, G. T., Cummings, K. M., McNeill, A., Hitchman, S., Thrasher, J. F., Goniewicz, M. L., Bansal-Travers, M., O’Connor, R., Levy, D., Borland, R., & White, C. M. (2019). Prevalence of vaping and smoking among adolescents in Canada, England, and the United States: repeat national cross sectional surveys. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 365, l2219. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l2219
Hammond, D., Rynard, V. L., & Reid, J. L. (2020). Changes in Prevalence of Vaping Among Youths in the United States, Canada, and England from 2017 to 2019. JAMA Pediatrics, 174(8), 797. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0901
Huang, J., Duan, Z., Kwok, J., Binns, S., Vera, L. E., Kim, Y., Szczypka, G., & Emery, S. L. (2018). Vaping versus JUULing: how the extraordinary growth and marketing of JUUL transformed the US retail e-cigarette market. Tobacco Control, 28(2), 146-151. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054382
Huang, J., Tauras, J., & Chaloupka, F. J. (2014). The impact of price and tobacco control policies on the demand for electronic nicotine delivery systems. Tobacco Control, 23(suppl 3), iii41-iii47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2013-051515
Hughes, K., Bellis, M. A., Hardcastle, K. A., McHale, P., Bennett, A., Ireland, R., & Pike, K. (2015). Associations between e-cigarette access and smoking and drinking behaviours in teenagers. BMC Public Health, 15(1), 244. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1618-4
Hunter, S. R., & Martin, C. A. (2019). Teen vaping boom: Electronic cigarette use, associated outcomes, and efforts in prevention. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 58(10), S71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2019.07.435
Jackson, S. E., Tattan-Birch, H., East, K., Cox, S., Shahab, L., & Brown, J. (2024). Trends in Harm Perceptions of E-Cigarettes vs Cigarettes Among Adults Who Smoke in England, 2014-2023. JAMA Network Open, 7(2), e240582. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.0582
Kasza, K. A., Rivard, C., Goniewicz, M. L., Fong, G. T., Hammond, D., Cummings, K. M., & Hyland, A. (2024). E-Cigarette Characteristics and Cigarette Cessation Among Adults Who Use E-Cigarettes. JAMA Network Open, 7(8), e2423960. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.23960
Kennedy, R. D., Awopegba, A., De León, E., & Cohen, J. E. (2016). Global approaches to regulating electronic cigarettes. Tobacco Control, 26(4), 440-445. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053179
Kim, D. H., & Hong, J. M. (2024). Unveiling the Impact of Smokers’ Self-Construals on the Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation Campaigns: A Comparative Analysis of E-Cigarettes and Combustible Cigarettes. International Journal of Public Health, 69, 1606915. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2024.1606915
Kim, Y., Emery, S. L., Vera, L., David, B., & Huang, J. (2020). At the speed of Juul: measuring the Twitter conversation related to ENDS and Juul across space and time (2017-2018). Tobacco Control, 30(2), 137-146. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055427
Kong, G., Morean, M. E., Cavallo, D. A., Camenga, D. R., & Krishnan-Sarin, S. (2014). Reasons for Electronic Cigarette Experimentation and Discontinuation Among Adolescents and Young Adults. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 17(7), 847-854. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntu257
Le, T. T. H., Le, T. H., Le, M. D., & Nguyen, T. T. (2023). Exposure to E-Cigarette Advertising and Its Association with E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Adolescents in Two Largest Cities in Vietnam 2020. Tobacco Use Insights, 16, 1179173X2311796. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1179173x231179676
Leslie, F. M. (2020). Unique, long-term effects of nicotine on adolescent brain. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 197, 173010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2020.173010
Lim, Y., & Lee, J. Y. (2023). A Comparative Analysis of E-Cigarette and Cigarette Posts on Instagram. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 3116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043116
Maddu, N. (2019). What is e-Cigarette and Associated Health Risks. In IntechOpen eBooks. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.84747
Mattingly, D. T., & Hart, J. L. (2024). Trends in Current Electronic Cigarette Use Among Youths by Age, Sex, and Race and Ethnicity. JAMA Network Open, 7(2), e2354872. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.54872
Murthy, V. H. (2016). E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults. JAMA Pediatrics, 171(3), 209. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.4662
Oliver, B. E., Jones, S. E., Hops, E. D., Ashley, C. L., Miech, R., & Mpofu, J. J. (2023). Electronic Vapor Product Use Among High School Students — Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2021. MMWR Supplements, 72(1), 93-99. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.su7201a11
Padon, A. A., Maloney, E. K., & Cappella, J. N. (2016). Youth-Targeted E-cigarette Marketing in the US. Tobacco Regulatory Science, 3(1), 95-101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.3.1.9
Pokhrel, P., Kawamoto, C. T., Lipperman-Kreda, S., Amin, S., Charles, P., Danko, A., Valente, T., & Sussman, S. (2024). Young adult peer crowds, e-cigarette advertising exposure, and e-cigarette use: Test of a mediation model. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 256, 111064. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.111064
Rayes, B. T., Alalwan, A., AbuDujain, N. M., Darraj, A., Alammar, M. A., & Jradi, H. (2023). Prevalence, Trends, and Harm Perception Associated with E-Cigarettes and Vaping among Adolescents in Saudi Arabia. Archives of Clinical and Biomedical Research, 7(2), 147-156. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26502/acbr.50170327
Singh, S., Windle, S. B., Filion, K. B., Thombs, B. D., O’Loughlin, J. L., Grad, R., & Eisenberg, M. J. (2020). E-cigarettes and youth: Patterns of use, potential harms, and recommendations. Preventive Medicine, 133, 106009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106009
Smith, M. J., MacKintosh, A. M., Ford, A., & Hilton, S. (2023). Youth’s engagement and perceptions of disposable e-cigarettes: a UK focus group study. BMJ Open, 13(3), e068466. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068466
Sreeramareddy, C. T., Acharya, K., & Manoharan, A. (2022). Electronic cigarettes use and ‘dual use’ among the youth in 75 countries: estimates from Global Youth Tobacco Surveys (2014-2019). Scientific Reports, 12(1), 20967. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-25594-4
Szoko, N., Ragavan, M. I., Khetarpal, S. K., Chu, K., & Culyba, A. J. (2021). Protective Factors Against Vaping and Other Tobacco Use. Pediatrics, 148(2), e2020048066. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-048066
The Harmful Consequences of Vaping: A Public Health Threat. (2020). Journal of Addictions Nursing, 31(2), E3-E4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/jan.0000000000000342
Wagoner, K. G., Reboussin, D. M., King, J. L., Orlan, E., Ross, J. C., & Sutfin, E. L. (2019). Who Is Exposed to E-Cigarette Advertising and Where? Differences between Adolescents, Young Adults and Older Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(14), 2533. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16142533
Wang, T. W., Gentzke, A. S., Creamer, M. R., Cullen, K. A., Holder-Hayes, E., Sawdey, M. D., Anic, G. M., Portnoy, D. B., Hu, S., Homa, D. M., Jamal, A., & Neff, L. J. (2019). Tobacco Product Use and Associated Factors Among Middle and High School Students — United States, 2019. MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 68(12), 1-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss6812a1
Xu, K., Lee, T., Reyes-Guzman, C. M., Lynn, B. C. D., Kofie, J. N., Rostron, B. L., Chang, C. M., & Chang, J. T. (2024). Use patterns of flavored non-cigarette tobacco products among US adults, 2010-2019. Preventive Medicine, 180, 107870. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107870
How to Cite
Vaughn, D. B. (2024). E-Cigarettes in Young People: Who is the Man Behind the Scenes?. Science Insights, 45(4), 1547–1550. https://doi.org/10.15354/si.24.pe162
Section
Perspective
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